References

Abr96

J. R. Abrial.
The B Book: Assigning Programs to Meanings.
Cambridge University Press, 1996.

AOB97

Ásgeir Ólafsson and Doug Bryan.
On the need for ``required interfaces'' of components.
In M. Mühlhaeuser, editor, Special Issues in Object-Oriented Programming, pages 159-165. dpunkt Verlag Heidelberg, 1997.
ISBN 3-920993-67-5.

BC95

B-Core.
B-Toolkit.
England, 1995.

BvW90

R. J. R. Back and J. von Wright.
Refinement calculus I: Sequential nondeterministic programs.
In J. W. deBakker, W. P. deRoever, and G. Rozenberg, editors, Stepwise Refinement of Distributed Systems, pages 42-66. LNCS 430, Springer Verlag, 1990.

BvW97

R. J. R. Back and Joackim von Wright.
Refinement Calculus: A Systematic Introduction.
Springer Verlag, to appear 1997.

DvK92

E.H. Dürr and J. van Katwijk.
VDM++ -- a formal specification language for object-oriented designs.
In Computer Systems and Software Engineering, Proceedings of CompEuro'92, pages 214-219. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1992.

HG90

Richard Helm, Ian M. Holland, and Dipayan Gangopadhyay.
Contracts: Specifying behavioral compositions in object-oriented systems.
In Proceedings of OOPSLA/ECOOP '90 Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages and Application, pages 169-180, October 1990.

Jon86

Cliff B. Jones.
Systematic Software Development Using VDM.
Prentice Hall International, 1986.

JV95

Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides.
Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software.
Addison-Wesley, 1995.

Kic94

Gregor Kiczales.
Why are black boxes so hard to reuse.
In Proceeding of OOPSLA'94, 1994.
http://www.parc.xerox.com/spl/projects/oi/towards-talk/transcript.html.

Lea96

Gary T. Leavens.
An overview of Larch/C++ behavioral specifications for C++.
In Haim Kilov and William Harvey, editors, Specification of Behavioral Semantics in Object-Oriented Information Modeling, pages 121-142. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996.

Mey92

Bertrand Meyer.
Applying `design by contract'.
IEEE Computer, 25(10):40-51, October 1992.
See also http://www.eiffel.com/doc/manuals/technology/ contract/index.html.

Mic97

Microsoft.
OLE Development, 1997.
http://www.microsoft.com/oledev/.

Mor90

Caroll C. Morgan.
Programming from Specifications.
Prentice Hall, 1990.

Obe95

Oberon microsystems, Inc.
Oberon/F.
http://www.oberon.ch, 1995.

Obe97

Oberon microsystems, Inc.
Component Pascal, 1997.
http://www.oberon.ch/ docu/component_pascal.html.

PS94

Dick Pountain and Clemens Szyperski.
Extensible software systems.
Byte, 19(5):57-62, May 1994.
http://www.byte.com/art/9405/sec6/art1.htm.

Sun97

Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Java Beans, 1997.
http://splash.javasoft.com/beans/.

Szy96

Clemens A. Szyperski.
Independently extensible systems -- software engineering potential and challenges.
In Proceedings of the 19th Australasian Computer Science Conference, Melbourne, 1996.

Szy97

Clemens A. Szyperski.
Component Software - Beyond Object-Oriented Programming.
Addison-Wesley, to appear 1997.
ISBN 0-201-17888-5.

Wec96

Wolfgang Weck.
On Document-Centered Mathematical Component Software.
PhD thesis, ETH Zürich, 1996.
Diss ETH 11817, ftp://ftp.inf.ethz.ch/ pub/publications/dissertations/th11817.ps.gz.

Weg97

Peter Wegner.
Why interaction is more powerful than algorithms.
Communications of the ACM, 40(5):80-91, May 1997.